RAD-140 (10 mg per ml x 30ml)

# RAD-140 (Testolone) — Selective Androgen Receptor Modulator (Research Context)

## SCIENTIFIC OVERVIEW
RAD-140 (commonly referred to as “Testolone”) is a nonsteroidal small-molecule compound frequently discussed in the scientific and gray literature as a selective androgen receptor modulator (SARM). In research contexts, SARMs are investigated for tissue-selective androgen receptor (AR) agonism, with the aim of separating anabolic effects in muscle/bone from androgenic effects in other tissues. RAD-140 has been examined in preclinical models for AR binding activity, anabolic/androgenic selectivity, and potential effects on lean mass and bone parameters.

## RESEARCH APPLICATIONS (Preclinical / Mechanistic)
Scientific investigations have explored RAD-140 and related SARMs for:
- Androgen receptor binding and transactivation assays
- Tissue-selective AR signaling studies (muscle vs. prostate models)
- Skeletal muscle hypertrophy and atrophy pathway research
- Bone density and osteoanabolic mechanism studies
- Gene-expression profiling of AR-regulated transcripts
- Comparative pharmacology vs. testosterone and other AR ligands
- Off-target screening (nuclear receptor panels; steroidogenesis interactions)
- ADME/PK characterization in animal models (absorption, metabolism, clearance)
- Toxicology screening (hepatic markers, lipid changes in animal studies)
- Endocrine axis feedback research (HPT axis suppression in models)

## MECHANISM OF ACTION (Research Context)
RAD-140 is generally characterized as an androgen receptor ligand:
- **Primary target:** Androgen receptor (AR)
- **Putative action:** AR agonism with selective/tissue-biased signaling
- **Downstream effects studied:** AR-driven transcriptional programs associated with
  protein synthesis, muscle maintenance, and bone remodeling
- **Selectivity concept:** Differential co-regulator recruitment and tissue-specific
  pharmacodynamics may contribute to “selective” profiles in some models

## QUALITY / IDENTITY VERIFICATION (Analytical)
For research-grade chemical identity confirmation, common analytical approaches include:
- LC-MS/HRMS for molecular ion confirmation and impurity profiling
- NMR (¹H/¹³C) for structural confirmation
- HPLC/UPLC assay for purity and related substances
- Residual solvent analysis (GC) where applicable
- Stability testing under specified storage conditions

## REGULATORY STATUS (General)
Regulatory classification varies by jurisdiction. In many regions it is not approved as
a pharmaceutical and may be restricted in sport.

## HANDLING & STORAGE (Lab Practice)
- Handle as a research chemical using institutional chemical hygiene practices
- Use appropriate PPE (gloves, eye protection, lab coat)
- Store per manufacturer guidance